ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS docx

... Faith, W.L. and A.A. Atkisson, Air Pollution, 2nd Ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1972. Ferrand, E.F., Effects of Air Pollutants, The Encyclopedia of Environmental Science and Engineering, ... Blue Men, Little, Brown and Co., New York, 1953. Salvato, J., Environmental Health, The Encyclopedia of Environmental Sci-ence and Engineering, 4th Ed., Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, N.Y., ... additives, house-hold chemicals, industrial chemicals, therapeutic and pro-phylactic drugs, and drugs of abuse. Food additives may be intentional or accidental. Anti-oxidants and dyes are added...

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - ECOLOGY OF PRIMARY TERRESTRIAL CONSUMERS potx

... terms of number of individuals, biomass, and energy equivalence, of the quantity of herbivorous ani-mals present or produced over a period of time, the ener-getic cost of producing and maintaining ... are long-lived, slow-growing and have low rates of population increase, and by herbivores that are smaller, more numerous and faster-growing than their food plants. In con-trast, open-water ... the limited length of food-chains and in part by the unidirectional flow of energy in these chains. Food-webs are made up of two principal types of food-chains: grazing food-chains, which involve...

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - INDOOR AIR POLLUTION docx

... Nostrand-Reinhold, New York. 10. Slote, Lawrence, Editor, Handbook of Occupational Safety and Health, 1987, Wiley-Interscience, New York. 11. Pipitone, David A., Safe Storage of Laboratory Chemicals, ... can lead to balancing problems and cross-contamination between laboratory spaces. Positive introduc-tion of air from corridors and of ce spaces by use of trans-fer fans can improve this. It ... directly and as close to the point of origin for safety of laboratory personnel and protection of property. To achieve this end, the accepted methods used for containment and removal of contaminants...

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE WASTES potx

... that many of the tanks boil, making the provi-sion of elaborate off-gas cleaning systems necessary. Some high level waste tanks have ruptured, but since they are constructed on a cup -and- saucer ... conducted at all, and to demand a certain level of confinement or restriction of wastes implies an acceptance of the cost of the waste management system as a necessary part of the cost of the process. ... Flocculation and Precipitation The cheapest and sim-plest process for treatment of radioactive liquids is removal of the activity on some kind of precipitate, either as an integral part of the precipitated...

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - MANAGEMENT OF SOLID WASTE pot

... use of tidal areas and marshes is prohibited. Dry pits, abandoned quarries and certain types of canyons of depres-sions are often satisfactory landfill sites. The size of landfills is often ... disposal of solids. Prior to that it was “out -of- sight, out -of- mind.” With ever growing amounts of solid waste as detailed in the discussion on sources, and con-cerns about pollution of ground and ... control of disease vectors • monitoring and control of explosive gases • prohibition of open burning • limitation of site access • control of storm water run-on and run-off • limitation of...

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - PREVENTION OF TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE doc

... terms of the percentage by volume of com-bustible gas present in a mixture of the gas and air. Table 1 below lists these limits for some of the more common gases and vapors for conditions of ... significant devel-opments and applications of complex theories and experi-ments. Some aspects were reaction kinetics under runaway conditions and multiphase critical flashing flow for viscous and nonviscous ... mixture, and depends both on the compo-sition of the mixture and on the pressure to which it is sub-jected. The higher the velocity of propagation the greater the rise in temperature, and this...

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - AIR POLLUTANT EFFECTS pot

... mil-lion females and 19 per million males, and 5 excess lung cancers per million females and 17 per million males.PLANT EFFECTS The effects upon the plant surfaces of the contact of vegeta-tion ... (1995), EPA-402-K-93–007.Health Aspects of Indoor Air, New York Academy of Medicine (1981), 57, No. 10.Health Effects of Acid Precipitation, Report of NIEHS Conference in Envi-ronmental ... competition.(HbCO)(HbO)210PCOPO22(HbCO) and (HbO2) are the concentrations of carboxyhemo-globin and oxyhemoglobin, and PCO and PO2 are the partial pressures of carbon monoxide and oxygen. Inspiration of air containing...

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - CHEMICAL EFFECTS: see EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS; AIR POLLUTANT EFFECTS; POLLUTION EFFECTS ON FISH CHEMICAL TREATMENT: see PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATERS potx

... Group, LLC166 C CHEMICAL EFFECTS : see EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS; AIR POLLUTANT EFFECTS; POLLUTION EFFECTS ON FISH CHEMICAL TREATMENT : see PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATERS COAL ... rules and regula-tions under Section 3001 of the 1976 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RCRA, must be conducted to determine the nature of the solid waste generated by the gasifica-tion of ... commercial integration of process and power systems. Overcoming both process engineering and environmental problems will be crucial factors in the development of coal liquefaction and gasification...

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - GREENHOUSE GASES EFFECTS ppsx

... subsidence and detrainment of air and the evaporation of precipitation. Precipitation is calculated in terms of the water and ice content of the cloud; cooling of the atmosphere by evaporation of ... models) of the global atmosphere coupled to the oceans and cryosphere (sea and land ice) only through prescribing and up-dating sur-face parameters such as temperature and albedo, from obser-vations. ... function of latitude and season, and diurnal variations are included. Calculations of radiative fluxes at each model level use four wavebands in the solar radiation and six bands in the long-wave...

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - POLLUTION EFFECTS ON FISH potx

... (potentiation and summation) and antagonism are poorly understood phenomena and greatly confuse the understanding and prediction of the toxic effects of industrial effluents. The majority of toxicological ... the summation of the effects of the individual agents or greater than the summa-tion of the independent effects of the two agents. The latter response is called “potentiation” and represents ... several gen-erations and then suddenly appear creating serious abnor-malities for that individual and its offspring. Chemicals may be carcinogenic (e.g. diethylnitrosamine and aflatoxin) and initiate...

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