... temperature
of 1 gm. of water at 1 atmosphere pressure from
14 .5 to 15 .5 C. It is related to the unit of energy
in the standard international system of units, the
Joule, by 1 calorie = 4 .18 4 joules. Note ... relative angles of the out-
going particles, which leaves two independent
variables. These may be taken as the energies
of two of the particles, E1,E2, and E...
... stimulatedemissionofa photonfrom
a level 1 to a level 2. If level 2 is higher in en-
ergy than level 1, the coefficient of stimulated
emission B
21
and stimulated absorption B
12
are
given by
B
12
=
g
2
g
1
B
21
A
21
=
8πhν
3
c
3
B
21
,
where ... by
B
12
=
g
2
g
1
B
21
A
21
=
8πhν
3
c
3
B
21
,
where A
21
is the Einstein A coefficient for the
transition from 2 1,...
... Nature, 17 7, 27, 19 57, Proc.
Roy. Soc., 14 2, 300, 19 57, and Proc. Roy. Soc.,
14 3, 2 41, 19 58. In the original experiment, light
with in frequency of 435.8 Hz from a mercury
lamp was split into two parts ... the number of particles in a state of
energy E
s
.
grand unification Physics attempts to ex-
plain natural phenomenon in terms of a set of
fundamental axioms. It...
...
···,t
m+n
)=
E
(−)
(
r
1
,t
1
)
···E
(−)
(
r
m
,t
m
)
E
(+)
(
r
m +1
,t
m +1
)
···E
(+)
(
r
m+n
,t
m+n
)
E
(−)
(
r
1
,t
1
)
E
(+)
(
r
1
,t
1
)
···
E
(−)
(
r
n+m
,t
n+m
)
E
(+)
(
r
n+m
,t
n+m
)
1/ 2
.
Here, E
(−)
(r
1
,t
1
) and E
(+)
(r
1
,t
1
) are negative
and positive frequency parts of the electric field.
For a quantum system, E
(−)
(r
1
,t
1...
... V(r)
(r,t)
µ =
m
1
m
2
m
1
+m
2
is the reduced mass for particles
of mass m
1
and m
2
, and r = r
1
− r
2
are the
relative position vectors of particles 1 and 2.
Suitable sets of center -of- mass coordinates ... density and velocity is
related by the continuity equation
ρ
2
ρ
1
=
u
1
u
2
=
(γ +1) M
2
1
(γ +1) M
2
1
+ 2
while momentum yields the jump in press...
... descriptionof the distributionof speeds
present in a collection ofgasmolecules. A com-
bination ofthe statisticalargumentsproposed by
James Clerk Maxwell (18 31 18 79) and Ludwig
Boltzmann (18 44 19 06). ... g
F(F + 1) + J(J + 1) − I(I +1)
2F(F + 1)
−g
I
µ
K
µ
B
F(F + 1) + I(I + 1) − J(J +1)
2F(F + 1)
,
where µ
K
= e
¯
h/2m
p
is the nuclear magneton
and g
I
is the g-factor for t...