... matrix
metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-13 expression.
Methods The expression levels of 15-lipoxygenase-1 and -2
were analyzed by reverse transcription PCR and Western
blotting in chondrocytes, and by immunohistochemistry ... 1
Human articular chondrocytes express both 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2Human articular chondrocytes express both 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2.
(a) Cho...
... catabolic
activity [2]. In addition to inducing matrix degrading enzymes
directly, these cytokines can also act by stimulating production
of additional proinflammatory cytokines. IL-6 is among the
cytokines ... analysis (data
not shown).
IL-7 binding assay
For flow cytometry analysis, chondrocytes were removed from
six-well dishes by trypsin digestion and for confocal micros-
copy analy...
... vein, and glucose levels were measured.
Determination of plasma insulin and leptin levels
Insulin and leptin levels in the plasma of mice were deter-
mined spectrophotometrically by ELISA (Linco/Millipore,
Billerica, ... 9841–9853.
46 Weisgraber KH, Innerarity TL & Mahley RW (1982)
Abnormal lipoprotein receptor-binding activity of the
human E apoprotein due to cysteine–arginine in...
... expression in articular chondrocytes
aggregates. Prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H)α isoenzyme gene expression in
cell aggregates of articular chondrocytes in 20% oxygen (white bars)
and 5% oxygen (black ... Arnoczky SP: Gross and vascular anatomy of the meniscus and
its role in meniscal healing, regeneration, and remodelling. In
Knee Meniscus: Basic and Clinical Found...
... leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) – including big-
lycan, decorin, fibromodulin, lumican and keratocan – play
important linking, shape determining and matrix organizing
roles [14-16]. These roles ... resistant to proteolysis
than the other SLRPs or that fibromodulin degradation prod-
ucts retaining the carboxyl-terminus may not be stably retained
in the tissue and are lost into the s...
... post-culture by flow cytometry
analysis (B). Expression of FoxP3 and CD25 were determined in freshly isolated CD4+ T cells (day 0) and after a 3-day stimu-
lation with anti-CD3/CD28 Abs (C). Freshly isolated ... T cells induces expression of CD25 and Foxp3
associated with effector and memory phenotype
differentiation
PBMC were stimulated with bryostatin-1 (5 nM) and ion-
omycin...
... MMPs increases in OA by either an increase in their
own synthesis, an increased activation by their proen-
zymes, or decreased activity of their inhibitors [29]. Pro-
inflammatory cytokines, including ... involved
in cartilage catabolism by inhibiting the synthesis of colla-
gen and PG, enhancing MMP activity, reducing the synthe-
sis of an IL-1 receptor antagonist by chondrocytes,...
... complications including coronary heart dis-
ease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy [3, 4].
In addition, chronic hyperglycemia leads to progres-
sive impairment of insulin secretion and to insulin ... they are not hydrolysed
by β-glucosidases in the intestine and can be adminis-
tered orally [27].
Therefore, the aim of the present study was to
evaluate the inhibitory effec...
... Kistorp C, Raymond I, Pedersen F, Gustafsson F, Faber J,
Hildebrandt P. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide,
C-reactive protein, and urinary albumin levels as predictors of
mortality and cardiovascular ... patients being
independent. None of the patients included in the
study had overt evidence of infection on admission on
the basis of standard blood and urine tests, X-film...
... precipitating and maintaining PD via
interoceptive processes or, alternatively, with PD increasing the risk for PSVT by elevating stress levels. As both PSVT and
PD require different treatments, potentially ... PSVT and a
tachycardic state within a panic attack. During an inva-
sive electrophysiological study in July 2000, a rapid typi-
cal AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia was diagno...