... Association, recommend that 50–60 per-
cent of daily calories come from carbohydrates, 12–20 percent from protein, and no more than
30 % from fat. Foods that are rich in carbohydrates, like breads, ... process sugar during digestion.
– READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS–
48
... verbs should be consistent in tense.
3. Make sure that verbs agree with their subject.
4. Make sure the correct helping verbs are used to convey the intended meaning.
5. Use infinitives and gerunds ... find the Answer Key in Appendix A.
1. After the Grimm Brothers ha
d collected “housewives tales” from around the country, they edit them
AB C
into stories ap
propriate for children.
D
a. A...
... use the context of the sentence to determine the
meaning of the italicized word.
Determining Meaning
from Context
2
16
DETERMINING MEANING FROM CONTEXT
23
There are two other types of context ... you have been determining
meaning from context. Context refers to the words and sentences that sur-
round a particular word and help fix its meaning. For example, noti...
... calculate poverty levels was introduced in 19 63. At that time,
the poverty line for a family of two adults and two children was about $3, 100. In 1992, there were
36 .9 million people, or 14.5 percent of ... and where that information is likely to be
located.
– READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS–
37
by chemical processes. (3) The Industrial Revolution transformed Western society, creating an
in...
... the meaning of unfamiliar vocabulary words.You have to look for clues in the context. The best clues typ-
ically come from the writer’s word choice.
W
ORD CHOICE
Often the best clues to meaning ... calculate poverty levels was introduced in 19 63. At that time,
the poverty line for a family of two adults and two children was about $3, 100. In 1992, there were
36 .9 million people, or...
... and perform well on the exam.
3
51
4. A lack in folic acid, especially in early pregnancy, can lead to serious birth defects.
AB C D
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
Answers: 3- b, 4-a.
Grammar and Style ... English™).
Source: Barron’s Passkey to the TOEFL
®
, 4th ed., 2001.
– STRUCTURE: GRAMMAR AND STYLE–
53
Computer-Based Test vs. Paper-Based Test
INDEPENDENT AND
DEPENDENT CLAUSES
A clause is a g...
... above, between, underneath,
between words in a sentence beside, with, upon (see list on page 83) .
1. Since interest rates have dropped considerably in the last month, it would be wise to refinance ... finally reached Tom in his office, and he said he would ship the redesigned brochures by express mail.
3. When I mailed the 200-page manuscript to my editor, I didn’t realize that the pages were...
... something up (needs an object)
This far north, the sun rises at 4 :30 .
The minimum amount to open an account has been raised from $50 to $100.
– STRUCTURE: GRAMMAR AND STYLE–
65
IRREGULAR VERBS
About ... cease-fire.
past participle The revolution mig
ht
not have succeeded
without their support.
Practice 3
Answer the questions below. If the question has a blank, choose the correct answer t...
... doctor suggests ______ less red meat and more fresh vegetables.
a. to eat
b. eat
c. eaten
d. eating
13. “What ar
e the value of these jewels?” Kim asked as she held them up to the light.
AB C D
a. ... out of stock.
– STRUCTURE: GRAMMAR AND STYLE–
75
Pronouns
Pronouns are very useful; they keep us from having to repeat nouns. There are several different kinds of pro-
nouns and some special...
... example:
Swinging from branch to branch, I saw the spider monkey.
It’s quite obvious that it was the monkey, not the speaker, who was swinging from branch to branch.
But because the modifier (swinging from ... mon-
key), the sentence actually says that I was swinging from branch to branch. Here’s the corrected version:
I saw the spider monkey swinging from branch to branch.
– STRUCTU...