Precast concrete materials, manufacture, properties and usage - Chapter 3 ppsx
Precast concrete materials, manufacture, properties and usage - Chapter 3 ppsx
... concrete colourBoth the desk-top 100mm square sample and the 30 0mm square hand-portable samples are misleading in the case of unpigmented materials, and for coloured concretes and mortars they seldom ... agents should be water-in-oil emulsion creams orchemical release agents. Ordinary mineral mould oils and oil-in-water emulsions promote streaking and staining.(c) Pan-type mixes are preferred ... between glass plates and compared against a white background. The German test uses a blend ofbarytes and pigment and two small pats of this (control and test) are laidside-by-side on white parchment...
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Precast concrete materials, manufacture, properties and usage - Chapter 0 pot
... concrete I. Title691′ 3 TA6 83 7ISBN 0-2 0 3- 4 905 7-6 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-2 0 3- 7 988 1 -3 (Adobe eReader Format)ISBN 0-8 533 4-9 9 4-0 (Print Edition) WITH 40 TABLES AND 109 ILLUSTRATIONS © APPLIED ... Publishers Ltd 1982 PRECAST CONCRETE Materials, Manufacture, Properties and Usage M.LEVITTARCS, BSc, DIC, PhDHead—Materials Science Department,John Laing Research and Development Limited,Borehamwood, ... England APPLIED SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INCEnglewood, New Jersey 07 631 , USA British Library Cataloguing in Publication DataLevitt, M. Precast concrete. 1. Precast concrete I. Title691′ 3 TA6 83 7ISBN...
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Precast concrete materials, manufacture, properties and usage - Chapter 1 pdf
... relevantto precast concrete manufacture leaving mix design to Chapters 5 and 6.1.5.1 Cement typesThe most common cements used are ordinary and rapid-hardeningPortland (including white), sulphate-resisting ... lockingpiece.The concrete mix used in the mould manufacture is best made of aflint gravel or volcanic rock coarse aggregate and a natural well-gradedsand fines with a cement content of 35 0–400 kg/m 3 and ... pre-wetted prior to mixing with thecement and additional water. Some limestones and sandstones havea slower absorption rate, and workability requirements need to bemet at the time the concrete...
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Precast concrete materials, manufacture, properties and usage - Chapter 2 pot
... reinforced and unreinforced concretes (reinforced unitsonly if permitted by regulations).2.2 (a) and (c) as 2.1 and pressed and extruded products.2.2 (b) ready-mixed mortars delivered to site.2 .3 ... seen that the best results are obtained with a low C3Acement, and ordinary Portland cements with levels of C3A well under10% and sulphate-resisting cements are the only types that willapparently ... the properties of the fresh and/ or the hardened material. The chapter excludes additives such as ground blast furnace slag and pulverised fuel ash (fly ash), the latter being covered in Chapter...
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Precast concrete materials, manufacture, properties and usage - Chapter 4 pot
... following F/C ratios and approximate total water contents wereused:F/C 0 0·25 0 37 0·50 0· 63 0·75Total water 0·28 0 32 0 34 0 36 0 38 0·40Observed and cost-corrected-relative-to-control failing ... rewarding.4 .3 PNEUMATICALLY TAMPED PRODUCTSIn this section are described the experimental findings from a series ofworks-manufactured, laboratory-tested pneumatic-hammer-compacted precast concrete ... theuser, and in this respect vibrated concrete can only take a few per cent ofash and it is hardly economic to set up a second silo in a precast concrete factory to handle such a small usage. It...
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Precast concrete materials, manufacture, properties and usage - Chapter 5 ppt
... 240V or three-phase supply under closely supervisednominally dry conditions. 13. Re-vibration of concrete is beneficial if the concrete is re-vibratable and the cost of double handling moulds ... accurate and consistent quantity of concrete into the mould.In some precast processes tilting tables are used both to cast the concrete and lift the mould and concrete into the near-vertical ... down-time cleaning and, if necessary, oiling, at the end of each working period.5.9 HANDLING AND CRANAGEProducts may be manually, machine or truck handled and great care isnecessary as the concrete...
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Precast concrete materials, manufacture, properties and usage - Chapter 6 pptx
... process a 4- or 8-drop would take place about every 15seconds.6.6 .3 Wet and earth-moist mix pressesIn the production of floor tiles the wet and earth-moist mix mentionedfor the five-stage process ... and the hand process is time-consuming. After the trowelling or rolling-in, the unit is subjected to awash-off, sand-blast or other suitable technique to expose the aggregate.Fig. 6.6. Precast ... N/mm2) and eject. The backing is the earth-moist mix, and the facing thewet mix, and the two are interdiffused by interface cement and watermigration. The backing mix is a mortar and the facing...
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Precast concrete materials, manufacture, properties and usage - Chapter 7 pptx
... expansion and a lower modulus of elasticity than a flint gravel concrete, and both these factors will result in reduced stresses.7.2 RELEASE AGENTS AND RETARDERSRelease agents for heat-cured concrete ... up and gains strength slowly; a warm-starting concrete, say 25°C,warms up and gains strength more quickly; and a concrete starting at,say 40°C, can be handled within a few hours. Any method ... scouring and rain and only activates and retardswhen it comes into contact with the lime from the cement. Retardersshould be those specifically tailor-made for hot concrete work.7 .3 CONCRETING...
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Precast concrete materials, manufacture, properties and usage - Chapter 8 pdf
... should be repeated.8 .3. 2.6 Mineral oil stainsMake a smooth stiff paste with powdered talc and tri-chlorethylene asdescribed in Section 8 .3. 2 .3 and apply in the same way.8 .3. 2.7 Stains from linseed ... and/ or windy climates as rust or organicresidue can blow through the tubes and stain the face.8. Protect concrete against in situ concrete run-downs, bitumen spillage and sealants, etc.8 .3. 2. ... exposed concrete willincrease the overall U-value much more for the dense concrete outer leafconstruction than for its reverse, when typical k-values are respectively1·2, 0 3 and 0 36 , 1·0.Copyright...
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Precast concrete materials, manufacture, properties and usage - Chapter 9 ppt
... could well obtain in precast concrete operations.Example 1: Dimensions of cladding unit ex-mould No. 3 wherespecifications are: x =30 15+0–10y=2550+0–10z=150 +3 3 (all in mm)Copyright Applied ... knowledge,‘know-how’ and ‘alchemy’, and if one does not know what the variablesare doing at any one time control is lost. One can list the factors and control variables one would use in precast manufacture ... old on units covered for theprevious 3 days.Day of casting no. 10 min 30 min 1 h1 0·20 0·12 0·092 0·10 0·07 0·05 3 0· 13 0·08 0·064 0·09 0·06 0·045 0 37 0·20 0·166 0·09 0·07 0·05One would...
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