... ageing of cork oak stands, loss of
cork quality [41], intense pruning [8] and increased cork oak
decline (“seca”) [27].
Cork oak stands in Spain can be differentiated into open cork
oak woodlands ... Mean, standard deviation and range of the main characteristics of the sample trees subjected to stem analysis in the two studied areas
(CAT and PNLA).
Area n Variable Minimum...
...
with the degree of damage to underplantings by
means of correlation matrices.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Physicochemical properties of soils and nutri-
ent status of forest stands on research plots
From ... 149
derplantings increases with a decreasing content of
these nutrients in needles. An opposite correlation
was determined for aluminium: with an increasing
proportion...
... mean height of individual Holm
Tab le I. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of canopy height, number
of stems and basal area for the 900 1-m
2
sampling points of the study
plot, and mean and standard ... (tree- and
shrub-dominated zones) are indicated on the map. Distances shown in the axes are in m.
vegetation in many current Mediterranean ecosystems, where
abandoned wo...
... Clément and Janin [5], the predominant occurrence
of mineral inclusions in heartwood offers an objective standard
to discriminate sapwood from heartwood rings, even in species
with indistinct or ... pixels and
minimum, maximum and average surface proportion (in %) of such
pixels in the X-rays of 0.7 mm and 2 mm strips of trees I, II and IV
(60 rings analysed per st...
... similarity in frost resistance of expanding current-year
needles of the Canary Island pine and subalpine evergreen
timberline conifers of continental Europe suggest that frost
hardening during sprouting ... resistance of needles in
seedlings of P. canariensis in different stages of development:
currently expanding, fully expanded, and 1 year old needles.
Some seeds of P...
... all
surviving seedlings, and measured stem height and root collar diam-
eter on a randomly selected subset of 25 seedlings per site and species.
2.4. Leaf and needle sampling and analysis
In July ... were mainly associated with PC2.
Figure 2. Needle and leaf nutrient concentration in Pinus halepensis and Quercus ilex seedlings growing on soils developed from limestone
an...
... in
north-eastern France (plots and linear regression) and southern France (mean, standard deviation and confidence interval of the mean), and for
the saplings of natural regeneration (plots and linear regression) ... per cent of global irradiance in southern
France, Avignon) for the potted saplings in north-eastern France
(plots and linear regression) and in southe...
... with a maximum
in autumn and a minimum in winter (between January and March).
Winter temperatures often fall below 0 °C and in the coldest month
(January) the mean of the daily minima is, on average, ... architecture” of plants was first
introduced by M. Zimmermann [43, 46] in view of relating the
structure and physical properties of the water conducting
system to plan...