... 0
(4.9)
16 0 Analysis of heat conduction and some steady one-dimensional problems §4.4
Figure 4.5 Heat conduction through a heat- generating slab
with asymmetric boundary conditions.
Example 4 .7
A slab ... gravitational forces. Fr is about 10 00 for a pitched baseball,
and it is between 1 and 10 for the water flowing over the spillway of
a dam.
4
One can always divide any...
... section.
18 2
17 8 Analysis of heat conduction and some steady one-dimensional problems §4.5
where
R
t
fin
=
1
kAhP tanh mL
for a straight fin (4. 58)
In general, for a fin of any shape, fin thermal resistance ... It
hasa2cmO.D. and a 1. 88 cm I.D. The material is type 304
stainless steel. Assume that the fluid is steam at 260
◦
C and
that the heat transfer coefficient betwe...
... transitional
value.
Problems 335
6.31 A thin metal sheet separates air at 44
◦
C, flowing at 48 m/s,
from water at 4
◦
C, flowing at 0.2m/s. Both fluids start at a
leading edge and move in the same ... at 25
◦
C flows at 0.7m/s over a 4 cm-long flat heater
at 60
◦
C. Find h, τ
w
, h(x = 0. 04 m), and δ(x = 0. 04 m).
6 .20 A large plate is at rest in water at 15
◦
C. The plate i...
... and J. P. Hart-
nett, editors, Advances in Heat Transfer, volume 6, pages 50 4 56 4.
Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1970.
[6.14] A. A. Žukauskas and A. B. Ambrazyavichyus. Heat transfer from
a ... that of predicting
laminar convection in a pipe.
7 .2 Heat transfer to and from laminar flows in pipes
Not many industrial pipe flows are laminar, but laminar heating and cool-
in...
... fins of a heat exchanger may form a rect-
angular passage through which air flows. Sometimes, the passage cross-
section is very irregular, as might happen when fluid passes through a
clearance between ... situations, but all must be viewed critically.
Many are based on limited data, and many incorporate systematic errors
of one kind or another.
In the face of a heat transfer situa...
... by Fujii and Imura [8. 16], Vliet [8. 17], Pera and
Gebhart [8. 18] , and Al-Arabi and El-Riedy [8. 19], among others.
8. 5 Film condensation 431
on the same basis. The integration of eqn. (8. 47) subject ... 434 Natural convection in single-phase fluids and during film condensation 8. 5
Figure 8. 12 Results of the exact b.l. analysis of laminar film
condensation on a vertical plate [8. 36]...
... on
natural convection heat transfer from a horizontal plates. Int. J.
Heat Mass Transfer, 17(1):135–1 42, 197 4.
458 Heat transfer in boiling and other phase-change congurations 9. 1
Figure 9. 1 ... Natural convection heat transfer from a
plate with arbitrary inclination. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 15(4):
755–767, 19 72.
[8.17] G. C. Vliet. Natural convection local...
... possi-
bilities in turn.
Heat transfer at low rates of mass transfer
One very common case of low-rate heat and mass transfer is the evapora-
tion of water into air at low or moderate temperatures. ... mass
transfer.
Coupling can arise when temperature-dependent mass transfer pro-
cesses cause heat to be released or absorbed at a surface. For example,
during evaporation, late...
... tempera-
ture. We may evaluate h
∗
and g
∗
m,i
in the same way when heat and mass
transfer occur simultaneously. If composition variations are not large,
as in many low-rate problems, it may be adequate to ... when
more than one species is transferred?
§11.9 Simultaneous heat and mass transfer 667
Stagnant film model of heat transfer at high mass transfer rates
The multicomponen...