... concentration in the unit volume of the air .
Contents
1 SolarRadiationintheAtmosphere 1
1 .1 Characteristics of the Radiation Field in the Atmosphere 1
1.2 Interaction of the Radiation and the Atmosphere ... Leipzig
Printing: Mercedes-Druck, Berlin
Binding: Stein +Lehmann, Berlin
Printed on acid-free paper 32/ 314 1/as 5 4 3 2 1 0
2 Solar Radiation in...
... cloud field (Bilingual). Izv RAS
Atmosphere and Ocean Physics 20 : 120 5– 121 8
Minin IN (1988) The theory of radiation transfer in theplanets atmospheres. Nauka, Moscow
(in Russian)
Mazin IP, Khrgian ... (1.35), but the multiple scattering plays the main
32 Solar Radiation in the Atmosphere
function (1.50), compute the integral over the azimuth and level items...
... main
partofthesolardownwellingirradianceinaclearsky.Thepitchinfluenceon
the accounting of direct radiation in the measured irradiance was obviously
owing to the deviation of the angle of the solar ... carrying out using
thelightconductor.Thecalibrationresultwastheratioofthecalculatedlamp
energy (incoming to the instrument input slit) to the output signal of the in-
stru...
... irradiance:
solar radiation decreases owing to the radiation extinction in the atmosphere.
For the upwelling irradiancethis effect pointstothe predominanceofscattering
processes over absorption processes in the ... variance of the irradiances values). If the solution has been obtained using
restraints (3.8), the part of the irradiances is linearly dependent and h...
... for inves-
tigation of short-wav e radiation field in the atmosphere. In: Pr oblems o f Atmospheric
Physics. 6:Leningrad University Press, Leningrad, pp 1 75 181 (in Russian)
Minin IN (1988) The theory ... addition, the observation of direct solar radiation was carried out in
the clear sky during the Arctic experiment of 1979. It gave the opportunity of
calibrating...
... wasderivedin thestudybyKing (19 87) as aresult
of transforming the first of (2.24). Regretfully the author of the study (King
19 87) continued the further application of the obtained formula assuming the
conservative ... method in the
atmosphere optics. Springer-Verlag, N ew York
Minin IN (1988 )The theory of radiation transfer inthe planets atmospheres. Nauka,Moscow
(i...
... (1 988 ) The theory of the radiation transfer in the planets atmospheres. Nauka,
Moscow (in Russian)
Minin IN, Tarabukhina IM (1990) To studying of optical properties of the Venus atmosphere
(Bilingual). ... describes the diffused part of light in the incident flux.
The in uence of the overlying atmospheric layers (including high thin
clouds), the difference betw...
... lingering close to the ground. As
the day progresses, sunlight warms the surface and the
surface warms the air above. As the air temperature near
the ground increases, the lower atmosphere gradually
becomes ... Fig. 4 .33 ). The condensation may come di-
rectly from the water vapor added to the air from engine ex-
haust. In this case, there must be sufficient mixing of...
... greater the pressure
gradient. The greater the pressure gradient, the stronger the
pressure gradient force (PGF). The stronger the PGF, the
greater the wind speed. The red arrows represent the relative
magnitude ... The difference in wind pressure from
one side of a cup to the other causes the cups to spin
about the shaft. The rate at which they rotate is direc...