... Rayleigh fading environment.294MIMO Systems, Theory and Applications MIMO Systems, Theory and Applications 284 [11] S. S. Rao. Engineering Optimization, Theory and Practice, 3rd Edition, Wiley-Interscience, ... letters are used to denote matrices and column vectors, respectively.(·)T, and (·)∗refer to transpose and conjugate transpose, respectively. · and ·Fstand for vector2-norm and matrix Frobenius ... sin2θNtNrdθ, (31)290MIMO Systems, Theory and Applications where R denotes the desired transmission rate. By the law of total probability, theright-hand-side of (45) can be expanded to givePout=Nc∑k=1Nc∑=1PrHc2<2R−1γScopt=...