Chapter 086 Breast Cancer (Part 3) pptx
Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 3) pptx
... circumstances they may provoke a biopsy. Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 3) The Palpable Breast Mass Women should be strongly encouraged to examine their breasts monthly. A potentially flawed ... during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Days 5–7 of the cycle are the best time for breast examination. A dominant mass in a postmenopausal woman or a dominant mass that persists ... techniques (palpation, mammography, aspiration) can be used to avoid biopsy (Figs. 86-1, 86-2, and 86 -3). Ultrasound can be used in place of fine-needle aspiration to distinguish cysts from solid lesions....
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Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 10) pptx
... Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 10) Endocrine Therapy Normal breast tissue is estrogen-dependent. Both primary and metastatic breast cancer may retain this phenotype. ... metastatic breast cancer may retain this phenotype. The best means of ascertaining whether a breast cancer is hormone-dependent is through analysis of estrogen and progesterone receptor levels ... therapies; potentially toxic Note: LHRH, luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone. metastatic breast cancer. Potential endocrine therapies are summarized in Table 86-4. The choice of endocrine...
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Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 1) potx
... full-term pregnancy. Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 86. Breast Cancer Breast Cancer: Introduction Breast cancer is a malignant proliferation ... these genes play in inherited forms of breast cancer may be their role in sporadic breast cancer. The p53 mutation is present in nearly 40% of human breast cancers as an acquired defect. Acquired ... have an increased incidence of prostate cancer and breast cancer. A fourth gene, termed BRCA-2, which has been localized to 80% of the variation in breast cancer frequency in different countries....
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Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 4) potx
... Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 4) If a nonpalpable mammographic lesion has a low index of suspicion, mammographic ... f/u, follow-up. Breast Masses in the Pregnant or Lactating Woman continue to believe that screening conveys substantial benefit. Furthermore, the profound drop in breast cancer mortality seen ... diagnosis, and women who have had a biopsy with benign findings are at greater risk of developing breast cancer than those who have not had a biopsy. The subset of women with ductal or lobular cell...
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Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 5) pps
... sentinal lymph node dissection but not clinically apparent Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 5) Staging Correct staging of breast cancer patients is of extraordinary importance. Not only ... Used with permission of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), Chicago, Illinois. The original source for this material is the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, Sixth Edition (2002) published ... changes in outcome by stage as compared with prior staging systems. Table 86-1 Staging of Breast Cancer Primary Tumor (T) T0 No evidence of primary tumor TIS Carcinoma in situ T1 Tumor...
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Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 6) doc
... appropriate systemic regimen. Prognostic Variables Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 6) Breast Cancer: Treatment Primary Breast Cancer Breast- conserving treatments, consisting of the removal ... therapy after local management of breast cancer substantially improves survival. More than one-third of the women who would otherwise die of metastatic breast cancer remain disease-free when ... irradiation. Postlumpectomy breast irradiation greatly reduces the risk of recurrence in the breast. While breast conservation is associated with a possibility of recurrence in the breast, 10-year survival...
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Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 7) pot
... IIIA 47 IIIB 44 IV 14 Source: Modified from data of the National Cancer Institute—Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER). Estrogen and progesterone...
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Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 8) docx
... although small advantages for doxorubicin-containing regimens are usually seen. Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 8) Table 86-3 Suggested Approaches to Adjuvant Therapy Age Group Lymph...
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Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 9) ppt
... liver) metastases each account for approximately one-third of sites of initial Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 9) One approach—so-called neoadjuvant chemotherapy—involves the administration ... misdiagnosed and treated as though they had metastatic breast cancer or even second malignancies such as multiple myeloma thought to be recurrent breast cancer. This is a catastrophic mistake and justifies ... response rates of patients with breast cancer to systemic therapy in this setting exceed 75%, many patients will be "downstaged" and may become candidates for breast- conserving therapy....
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Chapter 086. Breast Cancer (Part 11) docx
... disease-free survival in about 30–50% of patients. Breast Cancer Prevention Women who have one breast cancer are at risk of developing a contralateral breast cancer at a rate of approximately 0.5% per ... disease. Stage III Breast Cancer Between 10 and 25% of patients present with so-called locally advanced, or stage III, breast cancer at diagnosis. Many of these cancers are technically ... cancers are technically operable, whereas others, particularly cancers with chest wall involvement, inflammatory breast cancers, or cancers with large matted axillary lymph nodes, cannot be managed...
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