... infections such
Chapter 072. Malnutrition and
Nutritional Assessment
(Part 3)
Physiologic Characteristics of Hypometabolic and Hypermetabolic
States
The metabolic characteristics and nutritional ... kwashiorkor seen in developing countries.
Metabolic Rate
In starvation and semistarvation, the resting metabolic rate falls between
10% and 30% as an adaptive re...
...
Chapter 072. Malnutrition and
Nutritional Assessment
(Part 5)
Nutritional History
A nutritional history is directed toward identifying underlying mechanisms
that put patients at risk for nutritional ... drop,
and decreased tendon reflexes, fine
tactile sense, vibratory sense, and
position sense)
Thiamine,
pyridoxine, vi
tamin
B
12
Pyridoxine
Tetany Cal...
...
Chapter 072. Malnutrition and
Nutritional Assessment
(Part 1)
Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 72. Malnutrition and Nutritional
Assessment
Malnutrition and Nutritional Assessment: ... detecting, and treating malnutrition.
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
The two major types of PEM are marasmus and kwashiorkor. These
conditions are compared...
... in adults and older children) and lack of response to skin test
antigens (anergy).
The prognosis of adult patients with full-blown kwashiorkor is not good,
even with aggressive nutritional ... When possible, oral or enteral
nutritional support is preferred; treatment started slowly allows readaptation of
metabolic and intestinal functions (Chap. 73).
Kwashiorkor
complication...
... an underlying illness does not necessarily indicate
malnutrition.
Chapter 072. Malnutrition and
Nutritional Assessment
(Part 4)
Protein Catabolism
The rate of endogenous protein breakdown ... life-threatening.
Nutritional Assessment
Because interactions between illness and nutrition are complex, many
physical and laboratory findings reflect both underlying diseas...
... avoid assigning
nutritional significance to tests that may be abnormal for nonnutritional reasons.
Table 72-5 Laboratory Tests for Nutritional Assessment
Test
(Normal Values)
Nutritional
Use ... patient who is edematous and has easily
pluckable hair and inadequate protein intake, the diagnosis of kwashiorkor is
clear-cut. Commonly used laboratory tests for assessing nutriti...
... Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease
, 10th ed.
Baltimore, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005
Chapter 072. Malnutrition and
Nutritional Assessment
(Part 7)
Assessment of Circulating ... increased
dermal losses of protein may not indicate malnutrition. On the other hand,
adequate nutritional support of the patient's calorie and protein needs is cr...
... nerves and nerve roots. Sitting stretches the sciatic nerve
(L5 and S1 roots) because the nerve passes posterior to the hip. The femoral nerve
(L2, L3, and L4 roots) passes anterior to the hip and ... spine disease. Hip pain
can be reproduced by internal and external rotation at the hip with the knee and
hip in flexion (Patrick sign) and by tapping the heel with the examiner...
... Chapter 033. Dyspnea and
Pulmonary Edema
(Part 3)
Differential Diagnosis
Dyspnea is the consequence of deviations ... the ventilatory pump
(the bones and muscles that form the chest wall, the airways, and the pleura); and
the gas exchanger (the alveoli, pulmonary vasculature, and surrounding lung
parenchyma). ... breathing and by stimulating pulmonary receptors if...
...
1
8
1
1
4
Chapter 070. Nutritional Requirements
and Dietary Assessment
(Part 3)
Note: This table presents recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) in
bold type and adequate intakes ... α-tocopherol that occurs naturally in foods, and the 2R-stereoisomeric forms of
α-tocopherol (RRR-, RSR-, RRS-, and RSS-α-tocopherol) that occur in fortified
foods and supplem...