An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 5 docx

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 108 pptx

... 380‘railway mania’ 56 7railways 35 6, 164, 55 5–608 American 57 2–4, 57 9–80, 58 9–90, 59 3–4, 59 8 atmospheric 57 0–71 automatic train control 602–603brakes 58 0–81 British 59 0, 59 1, 59 3, 59 4, 59 9–601 British ... Empire 58 8–9, 59 1 central-rail system 58 3 Chinese 57 7, 6 05 coaches 56 2–3, 57 4, 57 9 construction mechanization470 couplings 56 3 electricfication 382, 58 4– 5, 59 1–2, 59 4, 59 8, 59 9, 600 European 57 4 5, ... 603monorail 58 6 narrow gauge 57 5–6preservation 606–607rack 55 9, 58 4 rails: cast iron 161, 55 6; long-welded 600; malleable iron 56 0, 56 3; steel170, 58 0; wooden 55 5, 55 7 signallingsystems 56 3–4, 57 1–2,...

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 1 potx

... 489Germany 494 The Rhine 499Italy 50 0Greece 50 1Sweden 50 1 The Soviet Union 50 2Eastern Europe 50 4Spain and Portugal 50 5 The Suez Canal 50 5Japan 50 6Canada 50 6 The United States 50 9 The Panama ... 329CONTENTSixAnchors and cables 54 0Lights and buoys 54 1Navigation 54 3Charts and sailing directions 54 6Ports and harbours 54 7Shipbuilding and dockyards 55 1Diving 55 311. Rail 55 5P.J.G.RansomRailways before ... Panama Canal 51 4Canal and river craft 51 4 The contemporary scene 51 510. Ports and Shipping 51 9A.W.H.PearsallOar and sail 51 9Steamships 52 7Merchant shipping 52 9Warships 53 2Submarines 53 7Hovercraft...

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 2 doc

... 651 Manned spaceflight and the space race 652 Satellite technology 656 Probes to the moon 658 Probes to the planets 659 Launch vehicles 661 PART FOUR: COMMUNICATION AND CALCULATION 66314. Language, ... how they fought their wars and which side won, was largely dependenton the state of their technology and that of their enemy. Their motivation wasmore often than not economic, and economic history ... history and the history of technology can surely be considered as twin hand-maidens, the one almosttotally dependent on the other. So far as social history is concerned, the lot of the common man,...

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 3 docx

... practice, and this is the first step in the process of moving forward to a new solution. Thus the history of technology and the history of invention are very much the same.Why study the history of technology? ... whostudied, rather than the rise and fall of civilizations, the rise and fall of technologies the technologies of hunting and weapon-making, of herding anddomesticating animals, of crop-growing and agriculture, ... promises to change human life moreswiftly and more radically than any of its predecessors. THE FIRST AGE: MAN, THE HUNTER, MASTERS FIRE The history of technology can be said to be older than man himself,...

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 4 pps

... one of the causes of the decline of the Roman Empire. The Dark Ages The last Roman troops left Britain in AD 436 and all contact between Britainand Rome had ended by 450 . To a great extent the ... numbers of slaves, there was a demand for such mechanization as was available and the successors of the Romans continued to build water mills. At the time of the Domesday survey there was an estimated ... besmelted. The construction of furnaces and the manufacture of crucibles wereto become other objects of specialization. The human lungs and the blowpipeproduced a very limited area of high temperature...

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 5 docx

... formeasuring the bores of cannon and the diameter of cannon balls. The crank An important development in the Middle Ages was that of mechanisms for the interconversion of rotary and reciprocating ... weight. All the gears were of brass.Galileo’s observations of the swinging altar lamp in the cathedral of Pisamarked the start of the use of the pendulum as a means of controlling the speed of clocks. ... acraftsman who was the first to calculate the taper required in the walls of an Egyptian water-clock to ensure a constant rate of flow of the water through the hole at the bottom as the head of water...

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 6 docx

... she darted in and out of the lines of ponderous warships. The following year the Admiralty ordered a 55 .5kph (30knot) turbine-driven destroyer from Parsons. In another three years the firstturbined ... launched and, by 1907, this was followed by the 52 MW (70,000hp) 39,000 tonne liner, the Mauretania. The steam turbine andreduction gearing was well and truly launched on the oceans. THE SIXTH AGE: THE ... in the materials used in buildings. They caused the decline of manytowns and villages which were not served by the railway lines. They speededup the mails and greatly accelerated the spread of...

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 7 pdf

... after the arrival of the Spanish invaders by the North American Indian:Giovanni Verazzano, who visited the Atlantic Coast in 152 4, commented upon the vast quantities of copper owned by the Indians, ... ridiculous and to many others a threat to the dignity of themselves as members of the human race or worse, a threat to the veryexistence of humanity as the only reasoning animal living on the planet.Americans ... to complain about. Humans aren’t the best ditch-diggers in the world, machines are. And humans can’t lift as much as a crane. They can’tfly without an airplane. And they can’t carry as much as...

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 8 ppt

... Tepe Giyan, in the Persian highlands, during the 4th millennium, and subsequently movedsouthwards to Sumeria and the Persian Gulf, and westwards to the Mediterranean seaboard, during the third ... camefrom the Caucasus and were instrumental in transferring the arts of metallurgyfrom the land of Elam (which now forms part of Iran) into Babylonia. The firstSumerian kingdom was destroyed by the ... the fourthmillennium BC and were found in the 1930s at the site of Tepe Giyan, nearNahavand in Western Iran. This mountainous region, situated midway between the Persian Gulf and the Caspian...

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 9 doc

... to the wall thickness of the casting to be produced. The wall thickness of the San Marco horses varies between 7 .5 and 10.5mm,and originally they were gilded. From the duplex structure of the ... fourth-millennium sites of Anan and Hissar III in Iran andNaqada in Egypt. The earliest evidence of lead being used for aesthetic rather than practicalpurposes is provided by an Egyptian figurine 5cm high, ... Athenian Empire. Other famous silver mineswere those in the Pangaean region of Macedonia, and the Cycladic island of Siphnos. Mining at Siphnos began some time between 3 150 and 2790 BC. The silver...

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