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Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 1 potx

Pig keeping in the tropics - part 1 docx

Pig keeping in the tropics - part 1 docx

... and vitamins 58 Pig keeping in the tropics 16 2.3 Small-scale intensive pig keeping Figure 3: Small-scale intensive pig keeping (after Holnes, 19 91) . Main characteristics The main characteristics ... indications are given of the treatment possible. Agrodok 1 Pig keeping in the tropics Dick Muys Geert Westenbrink Pig keeping in the tropics 10 rather as a ‘savings account’ or ‘insurance ... Further reading 77 Useful addresses 78 Glossary 80 Pig keeping in the tropics 4 Contents 1 Introduction 6 2 Pig keeping systems 9 2 .1 Free-range 'scavenging' pig keeping...
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Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 1 potx

Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 1 potx

... 4.2 Outline of cloning methods 37 4.3 Concluding remarks 40 5 Training: pruning and bending 41 5 .1 Definition; the limited role of pruning in tropical fruits 41 5.2 Cutting increasingly large ... in the final stages. Wageningen, August 2006 Ed Verheij Fruit growing in the tropics 4 Contents 1 Introduction 6 1. 1 No flowers, no fruit 6 1. 2 Importance of trees and fruits 7 1. 3 ... to grow fruit 9 2 Cropping systems for fruit 11 2 .1 The home garden 11 2.2 Orchards and plantations 12 2.3 Small is beautiful 13 2.4 Summary 14 3 Form and function 15 3 .1 Single-stemmed...
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Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 2 ppsx

Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 2 ppsx

... 1930 to 1970 the average number of trees per ha increased from 100 to 2, 500 (the spacing de-creased from 10m x 10m to 3 .20 m x 1 .25 m). In these 40 years the mean yield in the country increased ... mango tree being replaced by 3 or 5 more fruitful small mango trees of different varieties! (But these trees may be too small to sit in Fruit growing in the tropics 12 2. 2 Orchards and ... a role in almost all farming systems. Some fruits are col-lected in the wild, a variety of fruit crops are used to enrich the vege-tation of fallow fields in shifting cultivation, and the widest...
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Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 3 docx

Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 3 docx

... flowering and fruiting are sacrificed for the Fruit growing in the tropics 32 Now compare the crop cycles in the subtropics and tropics. ? In the subtropics release from stress results in ... growing point, as in cocoa and often in citrus shoots. More often the growing point forms a resting terminal bud, covered in bud scales, as in mango. In the ‘resting’ bud the grow-ing point ... harvesting, etc. (see Chapter 6). Fruit growing in the tropics 20 sake of the tree. Therefore these crops require favourable growing conditions throughout the year; they are confined to the tropics. ...
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Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 4 docx

Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 4 docx

... stock Side grafting – mature, woody stock Grafting On mother tree in the field Inarching – durian, lansat, jackfruit Approach grafting – mango Fruit growing in the tropics 36 have ... Fruit growing in the tropics 40 4. 3 Concluding remarks Most fruit crops can be cloned in different ways. Budding and grafting are only used where cuttings or layers do not ... remain smaller and can be planted close together. More trees per ha means further increases in the early crops! Taking the cuttings from a high-yielding mother tree also contributes to increased...
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Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 5 docx

Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 5 docx

... point of attachment of the shoot, leaving only a stub; ? Cutting out or thinning: removing the entire shoot by a cut at the point of attachment. Training: pruning and bending 41 5 Training: ... that com-pete with the leading shoot. Training: pruning and bending 45 Stubbing Stubbing is making a drastic cut, leaving only a stub of the shoot or limb. The general response is the growth ... bear the fruit- ing canes. Excellent growing conditions (generous manuring, timely watering) are of course needed to sustain the growth of the main arms and to support the growth of all these...
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Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 6 pdf

Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 6 pdf

... spiralling around the trunk (right) Fruit growing in the tropics 50 Growth retardants Growth retardants are chemicals that inhibit growth-promoting hor-mones in the plant. They offer a direct ... the risk (some of) the major limbs may be girdled instead of the trunk. Fruit growing in the tropics 52 Making sketches as in figure 15 for your own trees and growing sea-sons could be very ... shorter shoots, have been obtained in young mango trees by tying a length of twine tightly in the girdle. The wound should begin to heal within about 6 - 8 weeks; otherwise the branch – or tree –...
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Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 7 docx

Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 7 docx

... apples, passionfruits and salak. The Appendix gives brief information about the way in which pollina-tion is effected in the listed fruit crops. Fruit growing in the tropics 56 In banana ... of the fruit crops in this Agrodok is presented in the Appendix. Flowering habits are rather varied. There are, for in- stance, papaya cultivars in which all the plants bear fruit because they ... the seeds; they produce hormones that ensure that the flower sets fruit and that the fruit grows. In a few cases fruits grow even without the stimulus from the seeds, so-called parthenocar-pic...
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Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 8 pptx

Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 8 pptx

... Fruit growing in the tropics 60 8. 1 Limiting use of pesticides It is now realised that the use of pesticides should be drastically re-duced by: ? Abandoning routine treatments ? Replacing ... the end of the dry season, so that there are few sources of infection at the beginning of the rains. Mango hoppers suck the young shoots and especially inflorescences; they can ruin even a ... bloom. Control using insecticides is diffi-cult and depends on correct timing at the beginning of the flush. This is only possible if all the trees flush simultaneously. Controlling the crop cycle...
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Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 9 potx

Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 9 potx

... at-tached to the top to hold the fruit. Fruit growing in the tropics 68 9. 3 Handling and marketing In commercial fruit production, growing the fruit is the lesser half of the job. The ... separation of the spines; the odour of the fruit; the sound heard when the fingertips are run through the furrows between the spines; and changes in the fruit stalk. Whereas ripe, fallen fruit has to ... does it really? Clear-ing the crop on a tree in a single picking is quite common and the har-vesting methods are far from delicate. Too often, looking at the pro-duce in the baskets, one wonders:...
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Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 10 pot

Fruit growing in the tropics - Part 10 pot

... of the pistil which contains the ovules and grows into the fruit ovules the immature seeds in the ovary before fertili-zation parthenocarpy the production of fruit without true fertiliza-tion ... Further reading 79Verheij, E.W.M. & H. Lövenstein, 2004: A nurseryman and his trees. AgroSpecial 1, AGROMISA, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 43 p. ISBN 9 0-7 707 3-8 2-5 Fruit growing in the ... agriculture in Africa. Land and Life, Belgium & CTA, The Netherlands, 280 pp. ISBN: 2-8 710 5-1 01-X and 9 2-9 08 1-1 7 8-1 . Epstein, S., 1998: Propagating plants, an organic approach. Fam-bidzanai...
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Goat keeping in the tropics - Part 1 pptx

Goat keeping in the tropics - Part 1 pptx

... Printed by: Digigrafi, Wageningen, The Netherlands ISBN: 9 0-7 707 3-5 5-8 NUGI: 835 Introduction - the importance of goat keeping 7 1. 2 Attractive properties For the small-scale farmer, the ... % Indian Sub-continent 10 9.8 31. 4 % Central America 10 .9 3 .1 % South America 18 .4 5.3 % Total 350.2 10 0 % 1. 1 The importance of goats Goats are of high importance to people because of the ... (ALIN) who gave us permission to use an article on making salt licks. Marg Leijdens, co-ordinator Agrodok Publications, Wageningen, 2000 Goat keeping in the tropics 6 1 Introduction - the...
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Goat keeping in the tropics - Part 6 potx

Goat keeping in the tropics - Part 6 potx

... to detect blood in the faeces. Anaemic Goat keeping in the tropics 70 mites). When the intermediate host is eaten by a goat while grazing, the final worm develops inside the animal: a mature ... of tissue in the mouth, inflammation of Goat keeping in the tropics 64 ger that the Malta fever is transmitted to humans if they drink con-taminated milk. ? Treatment: Vaccination is ... intestine they develop further into mature worms. Sometimes they first migrate in the intestinal tissue or to the lungs, after which they return to the intestinal tract and mature. Lungworms These...
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Goat keeping in the tropics - Part 8 potx

Goat keeping in the tropics - Part 8 potx

... Small Ruminant Page http://www.sheepandgoat.com Record keeping 81 8 Record keeping Chapter 2 - Goat Breeding- and Chapter 3 - Raising and Selection- already indicated that a good administration ... Pagot J, Animal production in the tropics and sub -tropics. , 1992, pp. 517, Macmillan; CTA, Wageningen. ISBN: 0-3 3 3-5 381 8- 8 . Peacock C., Improving Goat production in the Tropics, 1996. A manual ... 7.26 42.3 755 3 .8 150 9.03 52.6 9 38 4.7 30 50 6 .82 39 .8 709 2.4 100 8. 58 50.1 983 3.0 150 10.35 60.3 1076 3.6 Goat keeping in the tropics 88 Appendix 2: Hoof Care If goats walk a lot...
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The vegetable garden in the tropics - Part 1 potx

The vegetable garden in the tropics - Part 1 potx

... The vegetable garden in the tropics 4 Contents 1 Why gardening? 6 2 Fruit and vegetables in the diet 7 3 Which type of garden? 11 3 .1 Gathering wild fruits and vegetables 11 3.2 Vegetables ... demonstration gardens 13 4 Garden tools 15 5 Preparing the site 18 5 .1 The best site for a garden 18 5.2 Size and design of the garden 19 5.3 Clearing the site 20 5.4 Cultivating the soil 21 5.5 ... 3.0 1. 1 3.0 1. 0 2.8 0 .1 9.0 calcium mg 17 6 26 11 0 17 20 21 10 50 55 12 0 500 proteins g 4.3 1. 5 26.0 0.7 9.9 1. 6 19 .0 17 .5 13 .0 3.3 46.0 fats g 0.5 0 16 .6(3)...
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