... pathological and pathogenic) working against animals physical and mental health. Cribbing and weaving in horses, stereotypical behavior in captive species, bar- and tail-biting, and cannibalism and ... unhappiness, and mental and physical well-being. Finally, as McMillan has pioneered in pointing out, veterinary medicine can benefit immeasurably from the study of animal mental health and ... until the animal mind and body are reunited, we face severe limitations in making advancements in the understanding of mental health 16 Mental Health and Well-Being in Animals declare the...