A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 14 ppt

... constant, high-quality, and rea-sonably affordable standard for size calibration of particle counters.C. PARTICLE SIZE CALIBRATION To calibrate a particle counter for sizing accuracy, standards covering ... wideracceptance in the drinking water treatment industry. The desire for standards for both instrument accuracy and cross-comparison of data has placed an increasingamount of scrutiny on particle ... LLC131 CHAPTER 14 Calibration Particle counter calibration is a subject which could ﬁll a book in itself. Cali-bration issues have become more important as particle counting has gained wideracceptance...

A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 3 ppt

... at a time. If a spareis available it can be rotated into service. The maintenance log should be kept up- to- date, and calibration stickers displaying the date of calibration placed on each particle ... practical. 2. Particle Counter Calibration Veriﬁcation Verifying calibration is an easier and more practical step for the water plantoperator. Only a couple of particle sizes are required, and ... maintenance schedule should account for seasonal changes, and be adjustedaccordingly. Permanganate is often added seasonally, and can cause coating prob-lems. Any change in the process that can affect...

A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 8 ppt

... called a voltage comparatorinput stage. The more complex approach involves analog -to- digital (A/ D) conversion. 1. Voltage Comparator A comparator is simply a small circuit that “compares” an ... typicallycommunicated every minute.The comparator provides a simple way to convert the particle size informationfrom an analog pulse to a digital count value. It is a very basic form of analog -to- digital ... signal level for the smallestsize particle (usually 2 µm). Once adjustments have been made and the 2 to 1signal -to- noise ratio has been achieved, the voltage values corresponding to eachparticle...

A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 9 ppt

... voltage range of a chart recorder or SCADA analoginput is 1 to 5 V. A 250 Ω resistor is required to convert a 4 to 20 mA signal into a 1 to 5 V signal.Another benefit of the 4 to 20 mA current ... some cases, flow alarms can be signaled by the particle counter via the computer data collection system. A. DIAGNOSTIC SIGNALS, ALARMS, AND DISPLAYS The most common alarm found on particle ... LLC AUXILIARY FEATURES 97 A second method maintains a constant sample time, but varies the number ofparticles counted. For instance, on low-concentration filtered waters, every particle may...

A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 10 ppt

... the name implies, a constant “exchange” ofdata between the particle counter software package and a SCADA software package.The particle counter data are output to a temporary location in the computer’smemory ... gasoline.The data may be transmitted in any type of format, referred to as a “protocol.”These protocols are not standardized, and a lot of effort can be expended in “trans-lating” the data ... into usable form. Many laypeople are confused by the distinctionbetween the industry standard signal formats (RS-485 and RS-232) and the non-standard protocols. To make an analogy, the signal...

A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 18 ppt

... 160 A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO PARTICLE COUNTING It is an advantage to be able to clean the ﬂow cell without opening the NEMAenclosure, since water may be spilled into the enclosure. Chemtrac and ARTI ... E. ANALOG OUTPUTS Met One offers separate particle counter models for serial data and 4 to 20 mAoutput. The serial data model can provide 4 to 20 mA output data as well. Chemtrac,ARTI, and ... analoginputs can be conﬁgured to accept the signal. The analog input comes as a standardfeature and has the same input voltage range as the Chemtrac unit. C. ANALOG INPUTS All of the manufacturers...

A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 21 pptx

... most of the standard SCADA optomuxdrivers are incomplete and must be modiﬁed to accommodate it. Any of the manu-facturers may have developed an interface for a particular SCADA package, so itnever ... require a little more effort to clean and maintain, and a particular style of software presentation may be moresuited to a given set of operators. Although it is becoming less practical to haveeach ... important featuresnecessary to a well-run particle counting system. ARTI, Met One, and Chemtrac offer similar packages, with Aquarius and WQSbeing a little more up -to- date with multiple graphing...

A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 1 potx

... Data Broadwell, Mike A practical guide to particle counting for drinking water treatment/ Mike Broadwell.p. cm.Includes index.ISBN 1-5 667 0-3 0 6-9 (alk. paper)1. Particle counting (Water treatment ... D.C. A Practical Guide to Mike Broadwell for Particle Counting Drinking Water Treatment © 2001 by CRC Press LLC 6 A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO PARTICLE COUNTING The second reason for preferring light-blocking ... the many types available have application for drinking water treatment. For our purposes, we are concerned with instrumentsthat are used to measure microscopic particles in water. 1. Particle...

A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 2 potx

... Packaged Treatment PlantsPackaged treatment plants, as touched on above, are prefabricated plants, whichare more cost-effective than ground-up plants for smaller applications. A packagedplant ... removal. (Courtesy of Pacific Scientific Instruments, Grants Pass, OR.)28 A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO PARTICLE COUNTING manufacturers of packaged treatment plants employ particle counters as a standardpart ... brieflyat some of the potential applications for particle counters in wastewater treatment. Standard wastewater is too high in concentration for particle counters, but special-L1306/frame/pt01 Page...

A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 4 pot

... PRACTICAL GUIDE TO PARTICLE COUNTING The disadvantage to this approach is that the particle counter data are collectedand displayed separately from the other plant data, requiring separate training ... second alternative is the direct interface of the particle counters to SCADAusing serial data communications. All count data, as well as status and alarminformation, are transmitted in a specially ... developing a useful and practical approach to particle counting that can be tailored to the capabilities and resourcesof the individual drinking water treatment plant. None of the information presentedhere...

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