... alkaline in nature, therefore, if the individual is incontinent there is an immediate change in pH which affects the skin. Ammonia is produced when Figure 7: Incontinence skin reaction microorganisms ... support with the use of cushions (Collins, 2000)v These individuals have specific requirements based on their overall physical condition, including the condition of their skinv There is a clear ... irritation (Berg, 1986; Le Lievre, 2000). This is responsible for the dermatitis excoriation seen in individuals with incontinence (Fiers, 1996). The increase in moisture resulting from episodes...