... 0.05.Results The patterns of expression of IDO and Bin1 The expression of IDO was detected in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, normal epithelium, and immune cells. The staining of IDO occurred on both the ... MedicineOpen AccessResearch The paradoxical patterns of expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in colon cancerYan-Fang Gao†1,2,3, Rui-Qing Peng†1,2, Jiang Li1,2, Ya Ding1,2, Xing ... dietary tryptophan enters the kynurenine pathway,leading to the biosynthesis of NAD or resulting in the complete oxidation of amino acids for energy production. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)...