... remote database systems, an MDBS requires gateways For remote database systems. The gateways in an MDBS are often called ‘drivers” and rcmotc database systems are called “local” database systems, ... interfaces, databases, operating systems, expert systems, etc. Products labeled as object-oriented database systems have been in the market for several years, and vendors of relational database systems ... and updates need to access. The local database drivers pass the translated queries and updates to local database systems, and pass the results to UniSQuM for format translation, merging, and...