... primary?”. TE: 1988
Complex Temporal Questions:
Type 3: Multiple events temporal questions with
temporal expression. Questions that contain two or
more events, related by a temporal signal. This ... Decompo-
sition Unit for the treatment of complex questions.
For the evaluation a corpus of questions containing
as many simple as complex questions is required.
Due t...
... then p is a formula.
-
If p and q are formulas, then (-p),
(p v q) are formulas.
- If m is a unary temporal operator and p is
a formula, then (m p) is a formula.
- If m is a binary temporal ... often needs to provide more
than just the literal answer to a question. For
example, [Kaplan 82I presents methods for
correcting a questionerls misconceptions (as
reflected in a quer...
... al., 2008). Therefore, it is a meaningful
task to retrieve the questions that are semantically
equivalent or relevant to the queried questions. For
example in Table 1, given question Q
1
, Q
2
can ... between the queried questions and
the historical questions in the archives (Jeon et al.,
2005; Xue et al., 2008). For example in Table 1, Q
1
and Q
2
are two semantically similar q...
... our method
consistently outperforms all the baselines. Among
the baselines, MEAD -Doc is consistently better than
both LEAD and MEAD -Doc+ Cite. While MEAD-
Doc s outperforming LEAD is not surprising, ... surprising that MEAD -Doc also outperforms
MEAD -Doc+ Cite as the latter uses both the cita-
tion context and the original document. One possi-
ble explanation may be that MEAD is not des...
... many NLP tasks, it is much more severe for
sentence compression, leading Turner and Charniak
(2005) to question the applicability of the channel
model for this task altogether.
Our contribution ... of them for such compres-
sions/expansions. We make the simplifying assump-
tion that all such edits also retain the core mean-
ing of the sentence, and are therefore valid training
data f...
... Association for Computational Linguistics
Exploiting N-best Hypotheses for SMT Self-Enhancement
Boxing Chen, Min Zhang, Aiti Aw and Haizhou Li
Department of Human Language Technology
Institute for ... Chinese-to-English task
show performance improvements for all the
strategies. Moreover, the combination of the
three strategies achieves further improvements
and outperforms the...
... average precision for all the
pruned topic types is 74.64%, varying from 95.63%
for ROOM to 37.63% for MIx. If MIx is left out,
the average precision is 79.27%. The poor precision
for MIX is due ... the fact that
the information content of the utterances is ignored.
Consistency of the information exchanged in (task-
oriented) conversations is one of the main sources for
dialog...
... additional
parameter into the recursion formula for DP. In the
following, we will explain this method in detail.
2.3 Recursion
Formula for
DP
In the DP formalism, the search process is described ... little meaningful information or the information
is different from the input.
Examples for each category are given in Table
3. Table 4 shows the statistics of the translation
perfo...
... fea-
tures are designed to be general and, for the most part,
grammar and domain independent. For each parse, the
heuristic computes a penalty score for each of the fea-
tures. The penalties ... AN INTEGRATED HEURISTIC SCHEME
FOR PARTIAL PARSE EVALUATION
Alon Lavie
School of Computer Science
Carnegie Mellon University
5000 Forbes Ave.,
Pittsburgh,
PA 15213
email
: ... tree...
... post. Only identifying question and
answering sentences from the thread is not enough
for automatic question answering. For this example,
in order to get the complete question, we would need
to ... the question and answer sentences from forum
threads. However, there is much richer information
in forum conversations, and simply knowing a sen-
tence is a question or answer is no...