Báo cáo khoa học: "Generating referring expressions with a unification grammar" doc

... under consideration. For in- stance, the generalized initial and final contexts of &apos ;a patch' are Initial context Final context p &apos ;a patch' SA SB p SA SB p FOCUS FA FB 0 0 ... MA Ms 0/0 MA MB 1/1 where FA, MA, etc. are variables. Among other things this rule implies that &apos ;a patch' may be used whatever the current focus values for SA and SB, but that after ... 'style' em- braces preferences regarding textual organization, wording, punctuation and layout. To cover a large range of styles, many patterns must be made available to the generator,...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Generating Referring Expressions in Open Domains" pptx

... aac10@cl.cam.ac.ukAbstractWe present an algorithm for generating referring expressions in open domains. Existing algorithmswork at the semantic level and assume the avail-ability of a classiﬁcation ... al., 2003) as alternatives to AVMs. However,all these approaches are based on very similar for-malisations of the problem, and all make the follow-ing assumptions:1. A semantic representation ... semantic labels are chosensuch that they have a direct correspondence with their linguistic realisation and the realisation is thusconsidered trivial. Ambiguity and syntacticallyoptional arguments...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Generating Referring Expressions Involving Relations" pdf

... information available about the entity than it is sen- sible to include in a description. Nicholas Haddock Hewlett Packard Laboratories Filton Road Stoke Gifford Bristol Bsl2 6QZ England ... 1 As soon as a generation system has access to a knowledge base which contains richer knowledge about the entities in the domain, the system has to face the problem of deciding what particular ... phrases, the head noun typically appears even in cases where it does not have any discriminatory power. For example, suppose there are six entities on a table, all of which are cups although only...

Báo cáo khoa học: "GENERATING PRECONDITION EXPRESSIONS IN INSTRUCTIONAL TEXT" docx

... Available Mark(relational) Mark(present) Not-Available Mark(passive) Mark(present) VERIFYING IMAGENE'S PRESCRIPTIONS This study has been based primarily on an analysis of a small ... either as present tense actions, as the one in example ( 6a) , if the action form is available in the lexico-grammar. Active-Available makes this determination. If no action form is available, ... Repeated-Reader Mark(present) Mark(pc~*'sive ) Not-Repeated-Reader Mark(present ) Mark(act) Not-Obvious-Action and Non-Reader.Action Hid* Active- Not-Hide Hide Available Mark(acO...

Báo cáo khoa học: "COOKINGUP REFERRING EXPRESSIONS" pot

... phrase, and is suitable for passing directly to a PATR-like unification grammar. It is at the level of surface semantic structure that processes such as elision and one-anaphora take place. ... Suppose, also, that the domain includes a number of attributes (a I, a~ , and so on), and that each attribute has a number of permissible values {v,,t, v,,2, and so on}; and that each entity ... should be used in a description; and a PATR-like unification grammar to produce surface linguistic strings. INTRODUCTION EPICURE (Dale 198 9a, 1989b) is a natural language generation system...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Flexible Answer Typing with Discriminative Preference Ranking" docx

... For appropriateness labels weturn to human annotators. Two annotators were in-structed to label a candidate as appropriate if thatcandidate was believable as an answer, even if thatcandidate ... in the face of a large imbalance in positive and negative examples.In answer typing we typically have far more inap-propriate candidates than appropriate candidates,and this is especially true ... appropriate-ness, we rank all candidates labeled as appropri-ate above those labeled as inappropriate, withoutregards to correctness. Because we want to learn a model for appropriateness, training...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Bitext Dependency Parsing with Bilingual Subtree Constraints" docx

... Perl.23ateHeHe:1:2-ate:2:0atemeatate:1:0-meat:2:1ate with ate:1:0 -with: 2:1meatthethe:1:2-meat:2:0 with fork with: 1:0-fork:2:1fork a a:1:2-fork:2:0Figure 4: Examples of bigram-subtreesatemeat with ate:1:0-meat:2:1 -with: 3:1ate with ... that oursystem performed better than Huang2009. Com-pared with the approach of Huang et al. (2009),our approach used additional large-scale auto-parsed data. We did not compare our system with the ... with Bilingual Subtree ConstraintsWenliang Chen, Jun’ichi Kazama and Kentaro TorisawaLanguage Infrastructure Group, MASTAR ProjectNational Institute of Information and Communications Technology3-5...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Generating Focused Topic-speciﬁc Sentiment Lexicons" docx

... of ad-jectives is detemined using Hearst-like patterns.Kanayama and Nasukawa (2006) introduce po-lar atoms: minimal human-understandable syn-tactic structures that specify polarity of clauses.The ... Wilson et al.(2005): a classiﬁer is learnt that distinguishes be-tween polar and neutral sentences, based on a priorpolarity lexicon and an annotated corpus. Amongthe features used are syntactic ... feedback-style learn-ing: retrieve an initial list of documents and usethe top documents as training data to learn an opin-ion lexicon. Opinion scores per document are thencomputed as an average...

Báo cáo khoa học: "LEARNING TRANSLATION SKILLS WITH A KNOWLEDGE-BASED FRENCH-ITALIAN CONJUNCTIONS IN CONTEXT" pdf

... structures. The main achievement of DART was the integration of tradi- tional Computer Assisted Learning (CAL~ facilities - such as the ones available in the PLATO system - in an Artificial Intelligence ... education- al settings and in projects of natural language translation. Practically, our program is one of the few Intelligent Systems available in the field of Fo- reign Language Teaching and ... of ELISA's research within a project of automatic translation, and for a better understanding and explanation of the student's misconceptions as well. Because the " ;a posteriori"...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Dialogue Act Tagging with Transformation-Based Learning" docx

... Dialogue Act Tagging with Transformation-Based Learning Ken Samuel and Sandra Carberry and K. Vijay-Shanker Department of Computer and Information Sciences University of Delaware Newark, ... template instan- tiations are randomly selected, where R is a pa- rameter that is set in advance. As long as R is large enough, there doesn't appear to be any significant degradation ... context may not always be available. But for an utterance that is in the middle of a speaker's turn, it is reasonable to consider the subse- quent utterances within that same turn. And also,...

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