... parame-
ter has on the error rate, and then modifies the parameters
to reduce the error rate based on this prediction.
2 Linear Models, the Perceptron
Algorithm, and Conditional Random
Fields
This section ... Discriminative Language Modeling with
Conditional Random Fields and the Perceptron Algorithm
Brian Roark Murat Saraclar
AT&T Labs - Research
{roa...
... f
t
= ‘de’
0, otherwise
Note that it is the target word indexed by a
t
, rather
than the index itself, which determines whether
the feature is active, and thus the sparsity of the
index label ... high translation score
when paired with the. To discourage all of these
French words from aligning with the, the best of
these (la) is flagged as the best candidate. This al-
low...
... The first template above, now a transducer, with
affixes accepted, and the stem separated by brackets in the
output.
ble that the words in an acoustic signal will not have
been present in the language ... com-
pose with the word in several ways. Each of the suc-
cessful compositions produces a finite state recog-
nizer with brackets surrounding the stem. We use a
script...
... positions. These
experts therefore focus on trying to model the
distribution of a particular label.
• Random consists of the monolithic CRF and a
random partition of the features in the mono-
lithic ... Kingdom
miles@inf.ed.ac.uk
Abstract
Recent work on Conditional Random
Fields (CRFs) has demonstrated the need
for regularisation to counter the tendency
of these models...
... probably the most
natural of the natural -language modes. ~ence, a
fascination exists with machines thac respond to
spoken commands with synthetic speech responses to
create a natural -language ... vast amounts of research and
development effort have been expended in the search
for systems that understand human speech and respond
with synthetic speech, the goal of t...
... represents the work of Wong and
Dras (2011a), the previous best result for this task.
While in their work they report 80% accuracy with
the CFG model, this is for a single sampling of the
full ... in their reported range but with
a much lower mean. The numbers we report are
from our own implementation of their CFG tech-
nique, and all results are averaged over 5 random
sam...
... line marks the mean of the re-
sults with means labeled, and the vertical red line indi-
cates the mean plus and minus one standard deviation.
achieve the same performance as PA.
For the second ... confusion with our feature functions.
is the length of the alignment and a
i
, b
i
∈ F , for
1 ≤ i ≤ L. Here the a
i
are the intended articulatory
variable values acco...
... both the interpo-
lated text baseline and the grounded language
model. This is due to the large discrepancy be-
tween both the style and vocabulary of language
about sports compared to the domain ... ASR with the grounded language
model, ASR with the text-only interpolated lan-
guage model, and closed captioning transcriptions.
As with our previous evaluati...
... words
y
j−1
and y
j
in the compression. These include
the part-of-speech (POS) bigrams for the pair, the
POS of each word individually, and the POS con-
text (bigram and trigram) of the most recent ... in the original sentence between y
j−1
and y
j
,
if there were any. These include the POS of each
dropped word, the POS of the dropped words con-
joined w ith the...