... + 1 and i + 2• Character bigrams locating at positions i −2, i − 1, i and i + 1• Whether xj and xj+1are identical, for j = i −2, . . . , i + 1• Whether xj and xj+2are identical, for ... problems in Chinese informationprocessing. Many statistical approaches have beenproposed (J. Nie and Jin, 1995; Chen and Bai, 1998;Wu and Jiang, 2000; Peng et al., 2004; Chen and Ma, 2002; Zhou, ... bigram candidate [xj,i, xi+1,k] hits aword bigram [wi, wj] ∈ B, and satisfies theaforementioned constraints on j and k.We also employ the traditional character-basedfeatures. For each...