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variable speed generatorsch (1)

variable speed generatorsch (1)

variable speed generatorsch (1)

... GeneratorsIon Boldea Variable Speed GeneratorsIon BoldeaThe ELECTRIC POWER ENGINEERING SeriesSeries Editor Leo L. Grigsby© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC VARIABLE SPEED GENERATORSION ... DataBoldea, I. Variable speed generators / Ion Boldea.p. cm. (The electric power engineering series)Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 0-8493-5715-2 (alk. paper)1. Variable speed generators. ... allow for lower speed for lower power in the electric generatorsin order to better tap the primary fuel energy potential and increase efficiency and stability. This is how variable- speed electric...
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variable speed generatorsch (2)

variable speed generatorsch (2)

... the speed ωm is as follows:(1.1) wherep1 is the number of pole pairsΩR is the mechanical rotor speed ωωωωmmRp=± =⋅12 1; Ω© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC1-20 Variable Speed ... as an exciter from zero speed — demonstrated in this example— makes it a good solution when the excitation power is required from zero speed, as is thecase in variable- speed large synchronous ... frequency output, the rotor frequency ω2 has to be modified in step with the speed variation. This way, variable speed at constant frequency (and voltage) may be maintained by controllingthe...
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variable speed generatorsch (3)

variable speed generatorsch (3)

... optimization of the variable- speed wind turbine by tracking theoptimal turbine speed at a given wind speed. The result of the optimization is the optimal power efficiencyCp at the given speed. In the ... LLC2-22 Variable Speed Generatorsand θs have to beestimated. The rotor position is needed. Rotor speed ωr is also needed, both in the voltage decouplerand for prime-mover speed control. ... are used as variable- speed generators connected to a strongor a weak power grid or as motors in the same conditions. Moreover, WRIGs may operate as stand-alonegenerators for variable speed. In...
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variable speed generatorsch (4)

variable speed generatorsch (4)

... 3-10 Variable Speed GeneratorsIt should be noted that the oversizing of the inverter to produce unity power ... Page 11 Tuesday, September 27, 2005 1:48 PM© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC3-12 Variable Speed Generatorswith(3.50)Though the maximum rotor teeth flux density is rather large (2.2 ... Page 13 Tuesday, September 27, 2005 1:48 PM© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC3-14 Variable Speed GeneratorsFinally,KC = KC1KC2 = 1.0826 × 1.04 ≈ 1.126 (3.57)This is a small...
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variable speed generatorsch (5)

variable speed generatorsch (5)

... and, for given speed U (P.U.),the initial value of f may be taken as f(1) = U. After one computation cycle, the slip S(1) is calculated,and the new value f(2) is f(2) = v + S(1). The whole ... 4.13 [16]. A rather wide speed range4-16 Variable Speed GeneratorsFIGURE 4.12 Torque speed curves for the 4/6 pole combination.FIGURE 4.13 Line voltage /speed with C = 100 µF for a 4/6 pole self-excited ... & Francis Group, LLCfrequency output at variable speed, for autonomous and power grid operation, will be treated in Chapter 5.4-20 Variable Speed GeneratorsThe equivalent circuit of the...
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variable speed generatorsch (6)

variable speed generatorsch (6)

... off-the-shelf device intended for variable speed drives with fastregenerative braking of large inertia loads.The turbine was emulated by a variable speed drive in speed control mode. Starting can ... of pumping operation, that needs variable speed during generating periods to eliminate the speed governor and provide for good overall turbine efficiencyfor variable water heads.FIGURE 5.11 ... slightly variable frequency with load even at regulated (constant)prime-mover speed. Many electrical loads are, however, frequency and voltage sensitive. On the otherhand, variable speed generation...
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variable speed generatorsch (7)

variable speed generatorsch (7)

... 6.17). The effect is notable only at high speeds, where,© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC6-18 Variable Speed GeneratorsAt least for constant speed synchronous generators with discontinuous ... low speed, while a(additional) diode rectifier works at high speed, on half the winding, to combine the advantages of bothmethods [13].The switches A and B are closed only for low speed. The speed ... I1V1I1Switch ASwitch BDiode rectifierfor high speed Controlled rectifierfor low speed BatteryLoad© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC6-24 Variable Speed GeneratorsA switched diode rectifier...
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variable speed generatorsch (8)

variable speed generatorsch (8)

... by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC7-24 Variable Speed GeneratorsThe rotor speed comes as the difference between the rotor flux vector speed and the slip speed. An exactvalue of rotor resistance ... a speed observeris also needed.As speed control is not imperative at very low speed, sensorless DTFC without signal injection wasproven to produce fast and safe torque response at zero speed ... motion-sensorless controlis preferred.7.7 ISA Design Issues for Variable Speed There are a few design peculiarities to ISA design for variable speed. We already mentioned a few inprevious paragraphs....
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variable speed generatorsch (9)

variable speed generatorsch (9)

... motoring, in thesame cases. The typical torque /speed and voltage /speed envelopes are given in Figure 8.20. The base speed ωb is defined as the maximum speed for which the peak (starting) torque ... 0.2 Base speed Speed (P.U.)Torque Power and voltage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 wmaxwbwrwbVsmax Vs TeTb P Pb © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC8-22 Variable Speed GeneratorsIn ... design value. At low speeds, the stator resistance may not be neglected. The voltagepower angle should vary with speed to produce the required torque for minimum current up to base speed wb and...
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variable speed generatorsch (10)

variable speed generatorsch (10)

... shouldswitch from case (3) below base speed, to case (2), and case (1) as speed increases. The energy conversionis not uniformly good, but the constant power speed range may be increased, especially ... VVehicle speed in km/hDrive torquein Nm© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC9-2 Variable Speed GeneratorsIn vehicular applications, an SRG is required to perform over a wide speed range ... Group, LLC9-30 Variable Speed Generators9.9 Rotor Position and Speed Observersfor Motion-Sensorless ControlIn the control schemes so far presented, the rotor position and speed are provided...
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