Báo cáo khoa học: "Using Readers to Identify Lexical Cohesive Structures in Texts" potx

... in- dexing through lexical chaining. In C. Fellbaum, ed-itor, WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Database, pages333–351. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.Regina Barzilay and Michael Elhadad. 1997. Using ... annotators by taking the proportionsof items marked as anchored by annotator in the whole of thedataset, and assuming that for every word, the person was toss-ing a coin with P(heads) = , independently ... validating them experimentally – may beapplied to data resulting from other kinds of ex-ploratory experiments to gain insights about the phe-nomena at hand.AcknowledgmentI would like to thank...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Using Syntax to Disambiguate Explicit Discourse Connectives in Text" pot

... improvement over those ob-tained by Marcu (2000) in his corpus-based ap-proach which achieves an f-score of 84.9%3foridentifying discourse connectives in text. Whilebearing in mind that the evaluations ... hierarchy of senses. In our experimentswe consider only the top level categories: Ex-pansion (one clause is elaborating information in the other), Comparison (information in the twoclauses is ... the sin-gle word “where” from a full embedded clauselike “I went to the store”. In order to addressthis deﬁciency, we include two additional featuresabout the contents of the right sibling,...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Using WordNet to Automatically Deduce Relations between Words in Noun-Noun Compounds" docx

... thatrelation. In addition to providing a set of com-pounds to use as input for our compound disam-biguation algorithm, one aim in constructing thiscorpus was to examine the relations that exist in naturally ... word in WordNet is linked to a set of senses, with eachsense identifying one particular meaning of thatword. For example, the noun ‘skin’ has senses rep-resenting (i) the cutis or skin of ... relations. In addition to identifying the relations used in compounds in our corpus, we also identiﬁed theWordNet verb sense of each relation. In total 146different relation senses occurred in the...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Using Emoticons to reduce Dependency in Machine Learning Techniques for Sentiment Classiﬁcation" pot

... classiﬁcationtraining data. 2,000 articles containing smiles and2,000 articles containing frowns were held-out asoptimising test data. We took increasing amountsof articles from the remaining dataset ... testing showed that the results are not signiﬁ-cantly different when training on one topic and test-ing on another. It is interesting to note, though, thatproviding a dataset of mixed topics ... presentspreliminary experimentswith training data labeled with emoticons,which has the potential of being indepen-dent of domain, topic and time.1 IntroductionRecent years have seen an increasing...

Báo cáo khoa học: "USING CLASSIFICATION TO GENERATE TEXT" docx

... default-inheritance system that inherits properties from superclass to subclass, using Touretsky's [1986] minimal inferential dis- tance principle to resolve conflicts; • various support tools, ... click- able buttons in the response window; objects to be added to the discourse in- focus list; and a testing function that determines if a query is answerable. Content-determination in IDAS is ... what information each sentence should com- municate (text structuring). • Generating referring expressions that identify domain entities to the user. • Choosing lexical units (words) to express...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Using Focus to Generate Complex and Simple Sentences" pot

... passed on to another component, the surface generator. The job of generator is to use whatever syntactic and lexical information is needed to translate the logical propositions into English. ... containing a subordinate clause (sentence 2). The sentences in 1 and 2 also show that a generation system should be able to choose between definite and indefinite reference and decide when to ... it-extraposition, there-insertion, 3 topicalization, and left-dislocation have been shown to function in the introduction of new information into discourse (Sidner, 1979; Prince, 1979), often...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Using Speech to Reply to SMS Messages While Driving: An In-Car Simulator User Study" docx

... correct or incorrect in order to avoid priming users to pay more or less attention in subsequent messages. Users did not have to finish listening to the entire list before making their selection. ... ability to listen to incoming SMS messages using text -to- speech (TTS). Au-tomatic speech recognition (ASR) affords users a hands-free, eyes-free method of replying to SMS messages. However, to ... examined two independent variables: SMS Reply Approach, consisting of voice search and dictation, and Driving Condition, consisting of no driving, easy driving and difficult driving. We included...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Using Rejuvenation to Improve Particle Filtering for Bayesian Word Segmentation" doc

... idea is to restoresample diversity after each resampling step by per-forming MCMC resampling steps on each particle’shistory, thus leading to particles with different his-tories in each generation, ... provides an in- tuitive generative story for the observed data. Eachgenerated word token corresponds to a customer sit-85ting at one of the unboundedly many tables in animaginary Chinese restaurant. ... of the gap to beinteresting in its own right, suggesting a general dif-ference in learning behaviour between batch and in- cremental learners, especially given the similar re-sults in Johnson...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Using Crowdsourcing to Improve the Evaluation of Grammatical Error Detection Systems" pdf

... Using Crowdsourcing to Improve the Evaluation ofGrammatical Error Detection SystemsNitin MadnaniaJoel TetreaultaMartin ChodorowbAlla RozovskayacaEducational Testing ServicePrinceton, ... promise.508ing to both address the lack of appropriate evaluationmetrics and to make system comparison easier. Oursolution is general enough for, in the simplest case,intrinsically evaluating a single ... i.e., incorrectly using a preposi-tion where none is licensed. In the sentence “Theycame to outside”, the preposition to is an extrane-ous error whereas in the sentence “They arrived to the town”...

Báo cáo khoa học: "USING %-CALCULUS TO REPRESENT IN LOGIC GRAMMARS" docx

... counter, to insure the same variable is never used twice. One way to do this in Prolog is to include 53 a place for the counter in each grarmnar predicate. This can be done by including a parameter ... Declarations to the Prolog interpreter could be included to indicate the predicate argument places that contain l-terms. Consider what would be involved in this modification to the Prolog ... variable, in which case the unification problem is trivial. We are in the process of programming Huet's algorithm to include it in a simple Prolog- like interpreter. We intend to experiment...

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