... between Mandarin Chinese and
Cantonese, and report work in progress for
dealing with homophones and tonal patterns
despite potential skewed distributions of indi-
vidual Chinese characters in the ... Virga and Khudanpur, 2003). Direct
orthographic mapping (e.g. Li et al., 2004), mak-
ing use of individual Chinese graphemes, tends
1
Mandarin names are transcribed in H...
...
reflect intuitive attention, interest and judgment
processes of the understander that occur during
reading a
text,
on the other. They should be
usable in interpreting very different kinds of ...
in his working memory and to take them all into
account in making the resulting decision. Again,
the face-to-face dialogue is a good example: in
order to react adequately to a res...
... of tokens and average type
frequencies in text sections.
We reserved patent data published between
1979 and 2007 for training and documents pub-
lished in 2008 for tuning and testing in SMT.
For ... error rate training
In contrast to task pooling and task mixtures, the
specific setting addressed by multi-task minimum
error rate training is one in which the generative
train...
... type i. We next
include a normalization step in which each row
in each of L
*
and R
*
is scaled to unit length,
yielding matrices L
**
and R
**
. Finally, we form a
single descriptor matrix ... r
2
= 300, and we
again normalize the descriptors to unit length,
yielding a new pair of latent descriptor matrices
L
**
and R
**
. Finally, we concatenate L
**
and R
**
into a s...
... not
taken into account in the final grading of the
systems.
The overall ranking for all systems (excluding
the TECH corpus results) is given in Figure 2,
in terms of the
Sent and Char
F-measures. ... macro-structure of
the document. It examines the tree structure
of an SGML document in a first pass, weighting
each node according to the number of charac-
ters contained with...
... designed
for perspicuous handling of linguistic data. Data
management was done record by record to maintain
integrity, but the normal form constraints on at-
omicity and singularity of fields were ... contains fields for various aspects of the
form, meaning, meaning-to-form mapping, and use of
that sense.
For the update and retrieval operations defined
on relations to work right...
... neuroglobin and cytoglobin in a situation of chronic hypoxia in
mice were examined using real-time quantitative PCR. The kinetics of the
hypoxic expression of neuroglobin (brain, eyes) and cytoglobin ... neuronal (brain and
retina) and some endocrine tissues, whereas Cygb is
detected in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm of many
types of tissue [2,3]. In response to hypoxia,...
... the same remainder to the right of the dot
were collapsed ( and ).
Since they are indistinguishable in terms of future
behavior, making a distinction results in an unnec-
essary increase of the ... to deal with
the bracketing structure of compounding, which
would be impossible to cover in full generality in
the finite-state setting.
In languages like German, spelling conventions
fo...
... supertype branching fac-
tors in this family increase linearly with size, the
partial orders can growin depthinstead in order to
contain this.
That yields something roughly of the form
shown in Figure ... Figure 3, which is an exampleof arecent
trend in using type-intensiveencodings of linguis-
tic information into typed feature logic in HPSG,
beginning with Sag (1997). These explic...
... understanding dialogs. In
Proceedin~ of =he Fifth International Joint Con-
ference on Artificial Intelligence. Cambridge:
MIT.
Hobbs, J.R. (1978). Resolving pronoun references.
Lingua, 44, ... order in which candldaces are evaluated,
but has no machinery for carrying out the evaluation.
The inference strategy helps to set up the represen-
taclon of the information in the cexC ag...