... of many mRNAs is suppressed and the expression of a certain set of genes including the luminal binding protein gene BiP is induced. The under-lying mechanisms of UPR in yeasts and mam-mals ... 2.2 Amino Acids, Proline, and Amides It has been reported that amino acids (such as ala-nine, arginine, glycine, serine, leucine, and valine, the nonprotein amino acids citrulline and orni-thine ... that spermine and spermidine are potent inducers of NO in Arabidopsis , but putrescine and its biosynthetic precursor arginine are not. There are many more examples of NO affecting the concentrations...