... biosynthesis of sterols and fatty acids,heme ⁄ hemoproteins, NAD, and uracil [7,8]. The abil-ity to translocate ATP produced in the cytoplasm intomitochondria, and the ability to adjust the ... NADHgeneration, due to amino acid biosynthesis. Much of the generation of NADH during amino acid biosyn-thesis takes place in the mitochondria. Because of the block in the respiratory chain caused by the additionof ... NADH should then be reoxidizedthrough shuttle mechanisms with the cytoplasm [14].Acetoin acts as a redox sink at the cytoplasmic level,being reduced to 2,3-butanediol by the cytosolicNAD+-linked...