... resulting in the attenuation of LPS signaling. As LF is known to interact with LPS, the binding of LPS with LBP mayalso be interfered with in the presence of hLF [9].Although the involvement of ... NF-jBinduces several pro -in ammatory cytokines, such asTNF or IL-1b, whereas IRF3 induces interferon-b,thereby leading to the induction of interferon-induciblegenes such as interferon-c-inducible ... affect the LPS-inducedactivation of NF-jB (Fig. S4A, B).There is intense interest in the effects of breast-feedingon infants and the mechanisms behind these effects.Compared with formula-fed infants,...