... Caprio, andLevine (1999) builds an index of restrictions on three types of non-standard bank activities(securities, insurance, and real estate), and on banks’ ability to own shares of non-financial ... Gatti, Alex Hoffmeister, Ed Kane, Francesca Recanatini, Marco Sorge,and Colin Xu. We are greatly indebted to Anqing Shi and Tolga Sobac for excellent research assistance. - 20 -standard errors ... the presence of deposit insurance, of lender of last resortfacilities, and whether or not there is a history of bank bailouts. The extent of the safety net appears to increase bankfragility....