... RESEARC H ARTIC LE Open Access
Management of pulmonary tuberculosis
patients in an urban setting in Zambia:
a patient’s perspective
Chanda Mulenga
1,2*
, David Mwakazanga
1
, Kim Vereecken
3
, ... 50%
±10%, at a confidence interval of 95%, and non-response
level of 10%, and therefore estimated a sample size of
105 as sufficient.
Data collection, manageme...
... ours. An increase in sensitivity can be
misleading as it may be accompanied by a
decrease in the true positivity, and an increase
in the relative number of false positives. This
can be explained ... medium in the detection of AFB in sputum
samples of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
in tertiary healthcare facilities which have a large
number of cases...
... and well being
of TB patients so that individual patient specific needs
are addressed to attain the best clinical or treatment
outcome, and thus increasing the likelihood of adequa te
case management ... hospital setting and patient category. A p-value
of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
All analysis was performed using SAS software version
9.2 (SAS Insti...
... Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua
Christian Hospital, 135 Nanshiao Road, Changhua, Taiwan
Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Lin et al. BMC ... the data is decoding and managed
in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration and no any
patient's personal data were involved.
Setting of the study
The Changhua Christian Hospital...
... standardised principles of
management; and that only with standardised principles of management can results
in various series and in various countries be compared to best advantage and the
knowledge ... was invari-
ably fatal within a few months and always in less than a year, while the second was
usually of several years’ duration, ending in an acute phase lasting s...
... Director of Tuberculosis, Deputy Director of
Health Services and all Medical Of cers. Authors are thankful to S
Radhakrishnan (STS), Abdul Kudoos, R Sasidharan, L K Acharya
and S Arjunan of the ... and L Ranganathan of the EDP
department for supplying the data output. The secretarial assis-
tance rendered by A Gopinathan is also acknowledged.
This report was funded in part by a...
... collection of data, analysis and interpretation of
results and writing of the manuscript and as corresponding author. FE
contributed to interpretation of the data and writing of the manuscript. AA
has ... study
stated that an age in excess of 46 years was found to
be a significant risk factor for non-successful treatment
outcome [27 ]. Another study in Thailand showed that...
... patients
were diagnosed globally in 2007, and around 80% of
them live in sub-Saharan Africa [11]. Tuberculosis and
HIV co-infections are associated with special diagnostic
and therapeutic challenges ... for
patients having sputum production and clinical manifes-
tations and interpreted. All patients having sputum pro-
duction and clinical manifestations provided 3 sputum
samples...
... uveitis cases. It has bee n estimated to be under
1% in the USA, 4% in China, 6% in Italy, 7% in Japan, and
16% in Saudi Arabia [10]. A Southeast Asian neighbor,
Thailand, reported a 2.2% systemic ... tuberculosis and found ocu-
lar involvement in 18 patients (18%) [7]. In Malawi, Africa,
a 2.8% prevalence of choroidal granuloma in 109 patients
with fever and tu...