... substituted for another while
preserving the meaning of a text. Knott (1996)
studies the substitutability of discourse connectives,
and proposes that substitutability can motivate the-
ories of discourse ... with the
distributional similarity of the lexical items.
2.2 Substitutability
The notion of substitutability has played an impor-
tant role in theories...
... paper,
we analyze the following three model families:
In the HMM, the input x is a sequence of words
and the output y is the corresponding sequence of
part -of- speech tags.
In the PCFG, the input x ... that the
first iteration of EM reinforces the systematic mis-
takes of the supervised initializer. In the first E-step,
the posterior counts that are computed sum...
... function of the CXXXC
motif of human Sco proteins could therefore be impli-
cated not only in the maturation of the Cu
A
site of
Cox2 but also in the maintenance of cellular copper
homeostasis.
The ... Blackburn NJ
(2011) The essential role of the Cu(II) state of Sco in
the maturation of the Cu(A) center of cytochrome oxi-
dase: evidence from H135Met and H1...
... procedure. The finding that the effect of
CoASH depends on the presence of ATP (although
not of other NTPs such as GTP and UTP; not
shown) suggests that it is indirectly mediated via the
formation of ... 20%, despite the presence of ATP-
Mg. It is shown below that this is due to loss of the
inhibitory effect of ATP-Mg, consequent to the
removal of a heat-stable co...
... propionyl-CoA in the DmcsA-strain, the
activity of methylisocitrate lyase is twice as high than that of
the wild-type. The addition of acetate to these media not
only lowered the propionyl-CoA ... for the initial decrease of the oxalo-
acetate concentration in t he equilibrium due to the
accumulation of NADH [25]. Lineweaver–Burk diagrams
were obtained b y use of...
... argument. On the target side, the trans-
lation of the verbal predicate, the translation of the
head word of the argument, as well as the boundary
words of the translation of the argument are used as
features.
4.3 ... both the
source and target side. On the source side, the fea-
tures include the verbal predicate, the semantic role
of the argument, t...
... the upper bound
length of entities, N is the length of sentence and
K is the size of label set. And that of training in
first order semi-CRFs is O(K
2
LN). The increase
of the cost is used to transfer ... “O”,
which indicates a non-named entity. For 98.0% of
the named entities in the training data of the shared
task in the 2004 JNLPBA, the label of the pre...
... by the need to balance
depth of analysis against the size of the deriva-
tion space. On the Susanne corpus, the geometric
mean of the number of analyses for a sentence of
length n is 1.31
n
. The ... fifth of DepBank is held out to optimize the
speed and accuracy of the three systems. They
conclude from the results of these experiments that
the cut-down XL...
... derivations, the probability of a tree is
the sum of the probabilities of the derivations
producing that tree. The probability of a derivation
is the product of the subtree probabilities. The
original ...
consists of the computation of the shortest
derivations and the extraction of subtrees, UML-
DOP involves iterative training of the parameters....
... the alternative of relaxing the pars-
ing constraints would appear to be a dead end
in the context of the VERBMOBIL architecture.
In the first place, the chances of locating the
best grammatical ... overall, regardless
of their quality. Either of these conditions could
prove fatal.
This paper focuses on the aspects of the
VERBMOBIL
analysis component whic...