... diameters (Snook and van Megan, 1979, 1 980 , 1 981 ; van
Megan and Snook, 1979, 1 981 ; Kjellander and Marcelja, 1 985 a,b; Tarazona and Vincente, 1 985 ; Hend-
erson and Lozada-Cassou, 1 986 ; Evans and Parry, ... L. and Christenson, H. K. (1 988 ), “Measurements of the Forces between a Metal Surface and
Mica across Liquids,” J. Chem Phys. 88 , 80 13 80 14.
Parker, J. L....
... 129–132.
Bhattacharya, A.K. and Nix, W.E. (1 988 a), “Finite Element Simulation of Indentation Experiments,” Int.
J. Solids Struct. 24, 88 1 89 1.
Bhattacharya, A.K. and Nix, W.D. (1 988 b), “Analysis of Elastic and Plastic ... in Pb, Sn, and Sn- 38
wt% Pb,” Acta Metall. 36, 2 183 –2192.
Mayo, M.J. and Nix, W.D. (1 988 b), in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on the Strength of Metals a...
... resolution of less than 0.1 nm (as low as 0.01 nm) and a lateral resolution of about
0.2 nm have been obtained (Albrecht and Quate, 1 987 ; Binnig et al., 1 987 ; Marti et al., 1 987 ; Alexander
et al., 1 989 ; ... interferometry (Mate et al., 1 987 ; McClelland et al., 1 987 ; Erlandsson
et al., 1 988 a; Mate, 1992; Jarvis et al., 1993) and with the use of optical fibers (Ruger et...
... area A of 20 µm by 40 µm and a separation of 1 µm, one obtains a capacitance of 31 fF
(neglecting stray capacitance and the capacitance of the connection leads) and a dC/dx of 3.1 × 10
8
F/m ... successful (Gerber and Marti, 1 985 ; Garcìa Cantù and Huerta Garnica, 1990).
2 .8. 1 Piezotubes
A popular solution is use of tube scanners (Figure 2. 18) They are now widely u...
... the disparity between true area of contact and apparent area of
contact and the tracking of friction force with load, since the asperities and thus the true area of contact
change with asperity ... (Mueller and Nishikawa, 19 68; Nishikawa and Mueller, 19 68; Brainard and Buckley,
1971, 1973; Ferrante et al., 1973). As well, FIM has been applied to the study of friction (...
... Mechanical Behavior of Silicon during Small-
Scale Indentation,”
J. Electr. Mater.
19, 88 1 88 7.
Silver, R.M., Ehrichs, E.E., and deLozanne, A.L. (1 987 ), “Direct Writing of Submicron Metallic ...
Example of nanofabrication. The letters “OHIO” (which stands for the state of Ohio) were generated
by scratching a Si(111) surface using a diamond tip at a normal load of 50 µN...
... photograph of the tiny driven rotor of Figure 13.6. Next to the rotor in Figure 13.7 are clumps
of red blood cells and, adjacent to the side arms, a grain of sand.
The MEMS field has begun to expand ... properties of polysilicon have been thoroughly studied and can be
reviewed in several reference works (Kamins, 1 988 ). Piezoresistance in polysilicon is a consequence of
strain...
... Depart-
ment from 1 981 to 1 984 and from 1999 to 2002; associate dean of humanities
and sciences from 1 985 to 1 987 ; vice provost and dean of research from 1 987
through 1992; and director of the Hansen ... director, Of ce of Inertial Fusion, Department of Energy; special assistant to
the Chief of Staff, U.S. Air Force; White House Fellow; Of ce of Energy Policy...