... cervical cancer can also be treated success-fully; ve-year survival for women with cancer in the earliest stage (stage 1A, in which the cancer has had minimal spread to the inside of the cervix) ... lesions. If not treated, precancerous lesions can progress to invasive cervical cancer. 23–25Both precancer and cancer usually arise in the “transformation zone” of the cervix, which is larger ... Its eectiveness depends on the extent of the cancer, that is, whether it has spread beyond the cervix. Chemotherapy may also be used with hysterectomy and radiotherapy.20,27Adjunctive nonmedical...